In our bodies, radicals fight germs.
Indoors, nanoe® X does the same.





1. Each of us breathes in 18 kg of air a day.

2. That's about 15 m³,
or a sphere 3 meters in diameter.


3. We need our air to contain about 21% oxygen.

4. That’s about as much as is contained in 3 m³.


5. When this oxygen enters the body, 1­–2% is turned into radicals. Hydroxyl radicals are one type of radical.


6. Since 2% of the oxygen we breathe turns into radicals, 0.02 L × 0.02 = 0.0004 L,
so 0.0004 L of radicals are produced by a single breath.


7. At a body temperature of 36˚C, the volume of radicals produced by a single breath is, according to Charles’s law, 0.0004 (L) ÷ (22.4 × (273.15 + 36) ÷ 273.15) × 6.02 × 1023 = 9.498 × 1018


8. The radicals produced in our bodies fight every day against bacteria that can cause illness.


9. By comparison, the volume of hydroxyl radicals generated by nanoe® X in continuous operation is about 415 trillion per 24 hours.


10. The volume of hydroxyl radicals generated by nanoe® X is 1/500,000th of the volume human beings produce by breathing.


Test Subject Test name Testing organisation
Impact on chromosomes​ Chromosome abnormality test using cultured cells Japan Bioassay Research Center*⁵
(Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-compliant facility)
Impact on respiratory organs Repeated administration toxicity test Life Science Research Laboratory*⁶
(Institution registered with the Cause Investigation Institution Network)
Toxicological and carcinogenic impact​ Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity combined test Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute
(GLP-compliant facility)
Impact on DNA Comet Assay Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute
(GLP-compliant facility)
Impact on male and female fertility and unborn children​ Simplified reproductive toxicity test Food and Drug Safety Center, Hatano Research Institute
(GLP-compliant facility)

nanoe® X is nanoscale particle ions encapsulated with water. The safety tests are verified as above.